With the reaction of starches and phosphors oxychloride, the swelling of cross linked starch granules was controlled successfully through different degrees of substitution.

利用淀粉与三氯氧磷的交联反应，通过控制交联反应程度，成功地控制了交联淀粉颗粒的膨胀程度并使其停留在不同的溶胀阶段。

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This paper presents an efficient simple method to design cross sections of several kinds of hydraulic reinforced concrete structures, i. e. , reinforcement distribution by the successive substitution.

本文对几种水工钢筋混凝土构件的截面设计提出一种简便实用的方法——迭代配筋法。

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So far as substitution of one kind of capital for another is concerned, the price to be paid for discouraging cross-border bank lending seems affordable.

ECONOMIST: Hot and cold running money | The